.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c9e441c:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c9e441c > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:#020101;background-image:url("https://nusrichina.nus.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/slider-1-img-1-5-scaled.webp");background-position:center center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c9e441c > .elementor-background-overlay{background-color:#04203E;opacity:0.5;transition:background 0.3s, border-radius 0.3s, opacity 0.3s;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c9e441c > .elementor-container{max-width:1440px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c9e441c{transition:background 0.3s, border 0.3s, border-radius 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:15px 25px 15px 25px;}.elementor-widget-site-logo .hfe-site-logo-container .hfe-site-logo-img{border-color:var( --e-global-color-primary );}.elementor-widget-site-logo .widget-image-caption{color:var( --e-global-color-text );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-180aec6 .hfe-site-logo-container, .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-180aec6 .hfe-caption-width figcaption{text-align:center;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-180aec6 .widget-image-caption{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-180aec6 .hfe-site-logo-container .hfe-site-logo-img{border-style:none;}.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item.elementor-button{background-color:var( --e-global-color-accent );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-accent-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-accent-font-weight );}.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item.elementor-button:hover{background-color:var( --e-global-color-accent );}.elementor-widget-navigation-menu a.hfe-menu-item, .elementor-widget-navigation-menu a.hfe-sub-menu-item{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-weight );}.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item, .elementor-widget-navigation-menu .sub-menu a.hfe-sub-menu-item{color:var( --e-global-color-text );}.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item:hover,
								.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .sub-menu a.hfe-sub-menu-item:hover,
								.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item a.hfe-menu-item,
								.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item.highlighted,
								.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item:focus{color:var( --e-global-color-accent );}.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .hfe-nav-menu-layout:not(.hfe-pointer__framed) .menu-item.parent a.hfe-menu-item:before,
								.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .hfe-nav-menu-layout:not(.hfe-pointer__framed) .menu-item.parent a.hfe-menu-item:after{background-color:var( --e-global-color-accent );}.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .hfe-nav-menu-layout:not(.hfe-pointer__framed) .menu-item.parent .sub-menu .hfe-has-submenu-container a:after{background-color:var( --e-global-color-accent );}.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .hfe-pointer__framed .menu-item.parent a.hfe-menu-item:before,
								.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .hfe-pointer__framed .menu-item.parent a.hfe-menu-item:after{border-color:var( --e-global-color-accent );}
							.elementor-widget-navigation-menu .sub-menu li a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
							.elementor-widget-navigation-menu nav.hfe-dropdown li a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
							.elementor-widget-navigation-menu nav.hfe-dropdown li a.hfe-menu-item,
							.elementor-widget-navigation-menu nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible li a.hfe-menu-item,
							.elementor-widget-navigation-menu nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible li a.hfe-sub-menu-item{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-accent-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-accent-font-weight );}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item{padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .menu-item a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-left:calc( 15px + 20px );padding-right:15px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .hfe-nav-menu__layout-vertical .menu-item ul ul a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-left:calc( 15px + 40px );padding-right:15px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .hfe-nav-menu__layout-vertical .menu-item ul ul ul a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-left:calc( 15px + 60px );padding-right:15px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .hfe-nav-menu__layout-vertical .menu-item ul ul ul ul a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-left:calc( 15px + 80px );padding-right:15px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item, .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .menu-item a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-top:15px;padding-bottom:15px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 ul.sub-menu{width:220px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .sub-menu a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
						 .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown li a.hfe-menu-item,
						 .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown li a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
						 .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible li a.hfe-menu-item,
						 .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible li a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-top:15px;padding-bottom:15px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .hfe-nav-menu__toggle{margin:0 auto;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 a.hfe-menu-item, .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 a.hfe-sub-menu-item{font-family:"Sora", Sans-serif;font-size:16px;font-weight:600;line-height:20.16px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item, .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .sub-menu a.hfe-sub-menu-item{color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .sub-menu a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .elementor-menu-toggle,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown li a.hfe-menu-item,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown li a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible li a.hfe-menu-item,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible li a.hfe-sub-menu-item{color:#000000;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .sub-menu,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown .menu-item a.hfe-sub-menu-item{background-color:#fff;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .sub-menu li.menu-item:not(:last-child),
						.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown li.menu-item:not(:last-child),
						.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible li.menu-item:not(:last-child){border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#c4c4c4;border-bottom-width:1px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 div.hfe-nav-menu-icon{color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 div.hfe-nav-menu-icon svg{fill:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-17113dd:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-17113dd > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:#19334E;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-17113dd > .elementor-background-overlay{background-color:#04203E;opacity:0.5;transition:background 0.3s, border-radius 0.3s, opacity 0.3s;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-17113dd > .elementor-container{max-width:1440px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-17113dd{transition:background 0.3s, border 0.3s, border-radius 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:15px 25px 15px 25px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-454bc18 .hfe-site-logo-container, .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-454bc18 .hfe-caption-width figcaption{text-align:center;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-454bc18 .widget-image-caption{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-454bc18 .hfe-site-logo-container .hfe-site-logo-img{border-style:none;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .menu-item a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-left:calc( 10px + 20px );padding-right:10px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .hfe-nav-menu__layout-vertical .menu-item ul ul a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-left:calc( 10px + 40px );padding-right:10px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .hfe-nav-menu__layout-vertical .menu-item ul ul ul a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-left:calc( 10px + 60px );padding-right:10px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .hfe-nav-menu__layout-vertical .menu-item ul ul ul ul a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-left:calc( 10px + 80px );padding-right:10px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item, .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .menu-item a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c ul.sub-menu{width:220px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .sub-menu a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
						 .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown li a.hfe-menu-item,
						 .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown li a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
						 .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible li a.hfe-menu-item,
						 .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible li a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-top:15px;padding-bottom:15px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .hfe-nav-menu__toggle{margin:0 auto;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c a.hfe-menu-item, .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c a.hfe-sub-menu-item{font-family:"Helvetica", Sans-serif;font-weight:600;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item, .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .sub-menu a.hfe-sub-menu-item{color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item:hover,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .sub-menu a.hfe-sub-menu-item:hover,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .menu-item.current-menu-item a.hfe-menu-item,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item.highlighted,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item:focus{color:#EF7C00;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .sub-menu,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown .menu-item a.hfe-menu-item,
								.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown .menu-item a.hfe-sub-menu-item{background-color:#19334E;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .sub-menu li.menu-item:not(:last-child),
						.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown li.menu-item:not(:last-child),
						.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible li.menu-item:not(:last-child){border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#c4c4c4;border-bottom-width:0px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c div.hfe-nav-menu-icon{color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c div.hfe-nav-menu-icon svg{fill:#FFFFFF;}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-255c5be{width:29.666%;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2ab1231{width:70%;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-950a24d{width:29.666%;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-af099ef{width:70%;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c9e441c{padding:0px 20px 0px 20px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-255c5be{width:80%;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2ab1231{width:20%;}.elementor-bc-flex-widget .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2ab1231.elementor-column .elementor-widget-wrap{align-items:center;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2ab1231.elementor-column.elementor-element[data-element_type="column"] > .elementor-widget-wrap.elementor-element-populated{align-content:center;align-items:center;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2ab1231.elementor-column > .elementor-widget-wrap{justify-content:center;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .hfe-nav-menu-icon{font-size:20px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 .hfe-nav-menu-icon svg{font-size:20px;line-height:20px;height:20px;width:20px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a10f7f8 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-17113dd{padding:0px 20px 0px 20px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-950a24d{width:80%;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-af099ef{width:20%;}.elementor-bc-flex-widget .elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-af099ef.elementor-column .elementor-widget-wrap{align-items:center;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-af099ef.elementor-column.elementor-element[data-element_type="column"] > .elementor-widget-wrap.elementor-element-populated{align-content:center;align-items:center;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-af099ef.elementor-column > .elementor-widget-wrap{justify-content:center;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c ul.sub-menu{width:10px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .sub-menu li a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
						.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown li a.hfe-menu-item,
						.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible li a.hfe-menu-item{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown-expandible a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
						.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c nav.hfe-dropdown li a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-left:calc( 10px + 20px );padding-right:10px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .hfe-dropdown .menu-item ul ul a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
						.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .hfe-dropdown-expandible .menu-item ul ul a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-left:calc( 10px + 40px );padding-right:10px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .hfe-dropdown .menu-item ul ul ul a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
						.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .hfe-dropdown-expandible .menu-item ul ul ul a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-left:calc( 10px + 60px );padding-right:10px;}.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .hfe-dropdown .menu-item ul ul ul ul a.hfe-sub-menu-item,
						.elementor-81 .elementor-element.elementor-element-140605c .hfe-dropdown-expandible .menu-item ul ul ul ul a.hfe-sub-menu-item{padding-left:calc( 10px + 80px );padding-right:10px;}}/* Start custom CSS for navigation-menu, class: .elementor-element-140605c *//* Desktop Submenu Styling */
.hfe-nav-menu__layout-horizontal .sub-menu {
  display: none;
  position: absolute;
  background: #E5E6E8 !important; /* Light gray background for desktop */
  z-index: 999;
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  top: 100%;
  left: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

/* Submenu links - Desktop */
.hfe-nav-menu__layout-horizontal .sub-menu a {
  color: #000000 !important; /* Black text by default */
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  padding: 8px 15px;
  display: block;
}

/* Desktop Hover Effects */
@media (min-width: 1025px) {
  .hfe-nav-menu__layout-horizontal .menu-item-has-children:hover > .sub-menu {
    display: block !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
  }
  
  .hfe-nav-menu__layout-horizontal .sub-menu a:hover {
    background: #EF7C00 !important; /* Orange background */
    color: #FFFFFF !important; /* White text */
  }
}

/* Mobile Submenu Styling */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .hfe-nav-menu__layout-horizontal .sub-menu {
    background: transparent !important;
    position: static;
    box-shadow: none;
  }
  
  .hfe-nav-menu__layout-horizontal .sub-menu a {
    color: #FFFFFF !important; /* White text */
    padding: 10px 15px;
    background: transparent !important;
  }
  
  /* Mobile hover state - transparent bg with white text */
  .hfe-nav-menu__layout-horizontal .sub-menu a:hover {
    background: transparent !important;
    color: #FFFFFF !important;
    opacity: 0.8; /* Slight transparency on hover for visual feedback */
  }
}

/* Dropdown Arrows - Always White */
.hfe-nav-menu__layout-horizontal .hfe-menu-toggle.sub-arrow {
  display: inline-block !important;
  font-size: 14px;
  margin-left: 8px;
  color: #FFFFFF !important;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

/* Active state for mobile dropdown */
.hfe-nav-menu__layout-horizontal .menu-item-has-children.active > .sub-menu {
  display: block !important;
  opacity: 1 !important;
  visibility: visible !important;
}

.hfe-nav-menu__layout-horizontal .menu-item-has-children.active > a > .hfe-menu-toggle.sub-arrow {
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}

/* Font Awesome icon */
.hfe-menu-toggle.sub-arrow i.fa::before {
  content: "\f078";
  font-family: "Font Awesome 5 Free";
  font-weight: 900;
}


/* Mobile Menu Styles (adjust max-width as needed) */
@media only screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
    /* Disable link click, make entire area toggle submenu */
    .hfe-has-submenu-container > .hfe-menu-item {
        pointer-events: none;
    }
    
    /* Allow toggle arrow to be clickable */
    .hfe-menu-toggle {
        pointer-events: auto;
    }
    
    /* Default state: Hidden submenu */
    .sub-menu {
        display: none;
        height: 0;
        overflow: hidden;
        opacity: 0;
        transition: all 0.3s ease;
    }
    
    /* Show submenu when parent has active class */
    .sub-menu-active + .sub-menu,
    .sub-menu-open {
        display: block;
        height: auto;
        opacity: 1;
    }
    
    /* Rotate arrow when open */
    .hfe-has-submenu-container.sub-menu-active .hfe-menu-toggle {
        transform: rotate(180deg);
    }

    /* ===== HOVER EFFECTS ===== */
    /* Parent menu item hover (e.g., "Education") */
    .hfe-has-submenu-container > .hfe-menu-item:hover {
        color: #EF7C00 !important;
    }

    /* Submenu item hover (e.g., "PhD Programme") */
    .hfe-sub-menu-item:hover {
        color: #EF7C00 !important;
    }

    /* ===== ACTIVE STATES ===== */
    /* Active parent menu item (when submenu is open) */
    .hfe-has-submenu-container.sub-menu-active > .hfe-menu-item {
        color: #EF7C00 !important;
    }

    /* Active submenu item (current page) */
    .sub-menu li.current-menu-item > .hfe-sub-menu-item,
    .sub-menu li.current_page_item > .hfe-sub-menu-item {
        color: #EF7C00 !important;
    }
}
/*//////////////*/

.menu-item-has-children .hfe-has-submenu-container > a {
        pointer-events: auto !important; 
}

.hfe-menu-toggle {
    
    pointer-events: auto; 
}


.sub-menu {
    display: none;
}/* End custom CSS */